皇冠体育app

Long Guoqiang

I. Introduction

皇冠体育app is rising up as a trade power in today’s world. Though the global trade was still grappling with the economic downturn in 2003, 皇冠体育app posted the highest growth rate of its value of imports & exports since 1980. 皇冠体育app’s turnover of foreign trade in 2003 reached US$ 851.21 billion, up by 37.1% over the previous year. Its total export value was US$ 438.37 billion, up by 34.6% over the previous year, thus ranking 4th place in the world; its total import value accounted for US$ 412.84 billion, up by 39.9% over 2002; as a result, 皇冠体育app has now surpassed Japan and become the world’s third biggest import market.

Over the past 25 years, 皇冠体育app has now become the 4th biggest trade power in the world instead of the previous 32nd one. This is one of the most eye-catching scenarios observed in the course of globalization. 皇冠体育app has seized those emerging development opportunities brought forth by globalization, and managed to boost its domestic economy to embrace quick growth. Meanwhile, 皇冠体育app is now being considered as a new engine driving the evolution of global economy thanks to the speedy growth of its import. An increasing number of countries are allowed to share the burgeoning opportunities generated by 皇冠体育app’s economic growth.

As 皇冠体育app has begun to play a different role in the international trade system, profound changes have taken place in terms of both the internal and external economic environments that 皇冠体育app is faced with. As far as its internal economic environment is concerned, the Chinese government has put forward the goal of reaching the per capita GNP level of moderately developed countries by mid-21st century, and also formulated a development strategy involving "three steps". The economic development has brought along new pressure upon both the environment and resources; accordingly, it has become a task of increasing importance to break those bottlenecks that impede 皇冠体育app’s economy from growing further in the international arena. Constant upgrading of industrial structure has brought the country into a new period of heavy industrialization. Owing to the constantly climbing level of urbanization, it has become more and more important to coordinate the developments of urban and rural areas, and different regions. Rapid economic growth has caused a speedy transformation of the social structure, and given increasing prominence to the contradiction between social development and economic development. As far as the external environment is concerned, multi-lateral negotiation proceeds slowly, trade protectionism gains ground, while regional economic integration is being boosted. Under such circumstances, on the one hand, the Chinese market has appeared more and more lucrative. With regard to attraction of foreign investments and reinforcement of her economic cooperation with other countries, 皇冠体育app has already unprecedentedly occupied an important position in the global arena. On the other hand, the external climate that 皇冠体育app’s exports are now faced with is becoming increasingly grim, as a growing number of trade frictions have arisen between 皇冠体育app and other countries, while more prominence has been given to the "trade imbalance" issue between 皇冠体育app and some of its important trade partners. Under such circumstances, the Chinese government has, for the first time, clearly brought forward a brand-new development concept featuring "five coordinated developments"; among these, "the coordination of domestic development and opening to the outside" is of major importance to 皇冠体育app’s foreign economic strategy.

Under new circumstances as such, how should 皇冠体育app readjust its strategies for opening to the outside world? What influence will 皇冠体育app’s flourishing economy bring along to the international community? These strategic issues are broadly arresting attention. This paper will discuss these issues in four parts. Part I puts forward an analysis framework of 皇冠体育app’s strategy for its opening to the outside, and briefly reviews the evolution course of 皇冠体育app’s foreign economic strategy; Part II utilizes the analysis framework brought forward in Part I to analyze those major factors influencing 皇冠体育app’s strategy for its opening to the outside at present and in the future; Part III gives a perspective of 皇冠体育app’s foreign economic strategy; Part IV briefly analyzes the influence exerted by 皇冠体育app’s economic boom upon the rest of the world.

I. Review of 皇冠体育app’s Foreign Economic Strategy

Since the mid-20th century, 皇冠体育app’s economic system has witnessed a transformation from a planned economy to a market one while its economic development strategy has also turned to feature an "open economy", instead of the previous "closed economy". During the 30 years from 1949 when the People’s Republic of 皇冠体育app was founded to 1979 when 皇冠体育app implemented the policy of reform and opening up to the outside world, 皇冠体育app has carried out an "import substitution" strategy. From late 1970s to 2001 when 皇冠体育app became a member of WTO, 皇冠体育app implemented both the import substitution and export-oriented strategies. This section will follow the analysis framework brought forward by the author to prove the effectiveness of this analysis framework by means of reviewing briefly how 皇冠体育app’s foreign economic development strategy has been whipped into shape.

1. Analysis framework of 皇冠体育app’s foreign economic strategy

Generally speaking, the foreign economic strategy of a country can be divided into four types: closed type, import substitution type, export-orientation type and open type. Owing to diverse conditions in different countries, disparities do exist in terms of strategic measures among countries which have put into force the same type of foreign economic strategy such as import substitution.

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